Peran konseling dan intervensi spiritual dalam pengelolaan kesehatan mental pasien napza: kajian literatur

  • Nurul Pazila 
    Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau
    Indonesia
  • Azni
    Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau
    Indonesia
  • Siti Hazar Sitorus
    Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau
    Indonesia
  • Nurjanis
    Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau
    Indonesia
  • Silawati
    Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau
    Indonesia
  • Syarifah Syarifah
    Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau, Pekanbaru
    Indonesia

Abstract

Penggunaan narkotika, psikotropika, dan zat adiktif lainnya (NAPZA) menimbulkan beban kesehatan mental yang signifikan, sementara pendekatan yang semata-mata medis kerap belum menjangkau dimensi eksistensial pemulihan. Kajian ini bertujuan menganalisis peran konseling dan intervensi spiritual dalam mendukung kesehatan mental serta mengidentifikasi aspek kesehatan mental dan pemulihan psikososial yang didukungnya pada pasien dengan masalah penggunaan NAPZA. Tinjauan literatur sistematis dilakukan mengikuti pedoman pelaporan PRISMA 2020 dengan kerangka Modified PICO. Data bersumber dari ekspor basis data Scopus (n = 454). Setelah penghapusan duplikat, penyaringan judul-abstrak, dan penilaian kelayakan berbasis PICO, diperoleh 24 studi final. Sintesis tematik digunakan untuk memetakan temuan ke dalam dua pertanyaan penelitian. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa spiritualitas/religiusitas dan intervensi spiritual terstruktur berperan melalui empat fungsi utama: fungsi protektif-preventif, intervensi klinis terintegrasi-spiritual, penyediaan layanan pastoral/kapelan, serta mekanisme makna dan keutamaan psikologis positif. Aspek yang paling konsisten dilaporkan didukung meliputi penurunan penggunaan zat, gejala depresi-ansietas-stres, perilaku melukai diri, serta peningkatan makna hidup, coping, dan pemulihan psikososial. Namun, mayoritas bukti bersifat observasional-korelasional dengan hasil yang tidak selalu searah, termasuk indikasi distress spiritual yang lebih tinggi pada sebagian pasien. Konseling spiritual berpotensi menjadi komponen komplementer dalam rehabilitasi NAPZA, tetapi klaim efektivitas kausal belum dapat ditegakkan dari bukti yang tersedia.

Keywords
  • Kesehatan mental
  • Konseling spiritual
  • Napza
  • Pemulihan psikososial
  • Substance use disorder
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How to Cite
Pazila, N., Azni, Siti Hazar Sitorus, Nurjanis, Silawati, & Syarifah Syarifah. (2026). Peran konseling dan intervensi spiritual dalam pengelolaan kesehatan mental pasien napza: kajian literatur. Southeast Asian Journal of Technology and Science, 7(1), 208–218. https://doi.org/10.29210/810712100
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